What is Hacking and is Ethical Hacking Legal or Illegal?

What is Hacking?

Hacking means finding the weakness in the computer system and then taking advantage of the same weakness to blackmail the owner of that computer.

Hacking is done by a person through a computer, which we call hacker and he has a lot of knowledge of computer and computer knowledge, so he is expert in stealing data from other computers.

Hearing the name of Hacking, it is known that this is a wrong thing because it is illegal and by doing so a person can be punished.

But hacking is not wrong every time because not all hackers are the same, some are good hackers and some are bad hackers. Who are the good and bad hackers and what do they do? Let’s find out about it further.

Types of Hacking

• Website Hacking – This type of Hacking means gaining unauthorized control over a web server and its associated software such as databases and other interfaces.
• Network Hacking – This type of Hacking means to get all the information over a network and for which there are many tools like Telnet, NS lookup, Ping, Tracert, Netstat, etc. The main purpose of doing this is only to harm the network system and its operation.
• Email Hacking – This type of Hacking means that the hacker gets unauthorized access to his email account without the owner’s permission. Later, he is going to use it for his illigal works.
• Ethical Hacking – This type of Hacking means identifying the weaknesses of a system or network and helping the owner to fix it. This is a safe hacking process in which all work is done under the supervision of the owner.
• Password Hacking – This type of Hacking means that in which secret passwords are retrieved from data which is stored in the computer system or transmit by a computer system.
• Computer Hacking – This type of Hacking means that in which the hacker knows the computer ID and password of a computer system, air using hacking methods so that they gain unauthorized access to a computer system. This puts owners at risk of getting their data stolen.

What are the types of hackers?

Basically hackers are of three types, two of them are bad hacker who harm people by doing bad work and one hacker is good which saves us from both these bad hackers.

The good hacker is called the white hat hacker, the bad hacker is called the black hat hacker and the one who comes in between these two means the one who does both good and bad work is called gray hat hacker.

1 # Black Hat Hacker
Black hat hacker are those who sneak into your computer without your permission and steal your personal data like corporate data, fund transactions details, ATM card details, etc.

Many things that we keep in the computer that these hackers They steal and take advantage of our weakness and ask for ransom from us. Black hat hackers are very bad and they harm the other for their benefit.

2 # White Hat hacker
White hat hackers are those people who do the complete opposite of the black hat hacker, that is, these hackers take permission and check the security of the computer, they do it only to know or to help a company.

How strong is the security of their system and whether that security can be broken easily or not. We are also called White hat hackers as Ethical hacker.

3 # Gray Hat Hacker
Gray hat hacker are those who do not have any personal intention that they mess with the computer data of others or damage their system and they do not need money in return. But still, without permission, we try to hack others’ computers using their skills.

They do this only to learn how to do hacking, so their motive is not bad, so they are not black hat hacker and they tried to hack the computer without permission, so they are not even white hacker, so such hacker We say gray hat hacker.

Apart from this, there are some different types of Hackers, which have provided the information below.

4 # Miscellaneous Hacker
Except for the second class of hackers, they are also distributed for their hacking methods. So let’s know more about it.

Red Hat Hackers
They are called red hat hackers which is a mixture of both black hat and white hat hackers. She mainly targets government agencies, top-secret information hubs, and all those things which are related to sensitive information to hack them.

Blue Hat Hackers
Blue Hat Hackers are called those who are often freelancers and do not work for any companies but they have complete knowledge about network security, apps, software.

Such hackers are used by companies to know the loopholes of their products, for this they provide beta version of products to them and after all they help companies a lot in this work.

Companies also provide them a lot of money. Many companies organize many such competitions to encourage such blue hat hackers.

Elite Hackers
This is a social status among the hackers community, which is available only to selected hackers who have exceptional skills.

Like this, they are the most expert players in their work.All newly discovered exploits are the first of these hackers.

Script kiddie
A script kiddie is called one who is completely non-expert in his field and uses pre-packaged automated tools that are written by others to penetrate someone’s computer systems.

They do not know anything about those tools and how they work, and that is why they go to Kiddie.

Neophyte
These are the hackers who are “n00b”, or “newbie” or “Green Hat Hacker”. These people are often new in the field of hacking, who do not know anything about hacking and its technologies.

Hacktivist
A hacktivist is called a hacker who uses technology to hack social, ideological, religious, or political messages. In this, most people use website defacement and denial-of-service attacks.

Basic Terminologies of Ethical Hacking

Here we will know about some basic terminologies related to Ethical Hacking which are used a lot in this hacking field and it is very important for all new hackers to know about it.

Adware – Adware is a software designed to force pre-chosen ads to be displayed on the screen.

Attack – This is an action that is done in the system to access it and extract sensitive data.

Backdoor – This back door, or trap door, is a hidden entry into a computing device or software that helps bypass all security measures, such as logins and password protections.

Bot – A bot is a program that helps automate an action, that work can be done repeatedly higher and without error, which is not possible to be done by a human operator, that too for a long time. . For example, sending HTTP, FTP or Telnet to higher rate and calling script so that they create object in higher rate.

Botnet – Botnet, also called zombie army, is called a group of computers which is done in the owner’s knowledge. Botnets are used to send spam or to attack denial of service.

Brute force attack – A brute force attack is automated and it is the simplest method to gain access to a system or website. It keeps trying different combinations of usernames and passwords again and again until it finds the right combination.

Buffer Overflow – Buffer Overflow is a type of flaw that occurs when more data is written to a block of memory, or buffer, in which the buffer is instructed to hold more than the allocated space.

Clone Phishing – Clone phishing is a type of modification of existing, legitimate email with a false link to trick the recipient so that they provide all their personal information.

Cracker – A cracker is said to modify the software to access its protected features. These are such features which are copy protected.

Denial of service attack (DoS) – This denial of service (DoS) attack is called when a server or a network resource is made available for some time by a malicious attempt which are unavailable to the first users .

Usually, the services that are connected with the host are temporarily interrupted or suspend.

DDoS – This is distributed denial of service attack.

Exploit Kit – This exploit kit is a software system designed to run on web servers, its main purpose is to identify the software vulnerabilities of client machines and exploit the vulnerabilities for which these malicious code Uploads to the client for execution.

Exploit – Exploit is a piece of software, a chunk of data, or sequence of commands that can exploit a bug or vulnerability that can compromise a computer or network system.

Firewall – Firewall is a type of filter that is designed to keep unwanted intruders away from your computer system or network so that it provides safe communication between systems and users within which firewall.

Keystroke logging – Keystroke logging is a process to track the keys that would have been pressed, yes in a computer (and any touchscreen points used). It is simply a map of computer / human interface.

They are used by gray and black hat hackers to record login IDs and passwords. Keyloggers are often secretly installed in a device using a Trojan in a phishing email.

Logic bomb – This is a virus that is secretly inserted inside the system and it is then triggered and met certain condition. This is the time bomb of the most common version.

Malware – Malware is an umbrella term used to refer to many types of hostile or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs.

Phishing – Phishing is a type of e-mail fraud method in which sender sends emails that look like legitimate-looking emails, whose main goal is to gather their personal and financial information from recipients.

Phreaker – Phreakers are often considered to be original computer hackers because they break a telephone network illegally, using it to tap free long distance phone calls or tap someone’s calls.

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